Prevalence and factors associated with hyperbilirubinemia and the utility of transcutaneous bilirubin among neonates admitted to Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza-Tanzania
Mots-clés :
neonates, hyperbilirubinaemia, transcutaneous bilirubinRésumé
Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can result into clinical jaundice and progress to kernicterus that significantly increases the risk of morbidity , long-term disabilities and mortality. Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) is a non-invasive screening tool, which serves as a guide to prompt initiation of treatment. However, TcB has not been extensively used in low-income countries(LIC).
Methods: This hospital-based cross- sectional study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence factors associated with hyperbilirubinemia and utility of TcB among newborn babies admitted to Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza-Tanzania. Pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, maternal and neonates information. Blood sample was drawn from the neonates for total serum bilirubin (TSB) measurement, blood culture, complete blood count and blood grouping. TcB measurements were done using JM105 Dragger machine. Data was analyzed using STATA software version 13.
Results: Out of 389 neonates,153 (39.3%) had neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Neonates aged 2 – 7days (p-value 0.031), whose mothers had prolonged labor (p- value 0.029) and mothers who used herbal m medicines during pregnancy (p- value 0.002)w ere associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. TcB had sensitivity of 87.6% and specificity of 95.7%. There was a statistically significant linear correlation between TSB and TcB ( r=0.89; p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: The observed high prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia is alarming and was associated with herbal medicine use during pregnancy, prolonged labour and it occurred mostly in neonates aged 2-7 days. TcB should be used in screening neonates for hyperbilirubinemia to guide prompt initiation of treatment.
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