Profil bactériologique de l’infection materno-foetale précoce au centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant Fondation Jeanne Ebori de Libreville
Keywords:
newborns, bacteriological profile, early maternal-fetal infection, Libreville, Gabon.Abstract
Introduction: Infection is one of the leading causes of neonatal death. Our objective was to describe the bacteriological profile of early maternal-fetal infections at the Jeanne Ebori Foundation Mother-Child University Hospital (CHUMEFJE) in 2024. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study carried out at CHUMEFJE from January 2020 to December 2023. The data analyzed concerned neonatal infection, maternal sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics of newborns, germs found and their antibiotic sensitivities. Results: 1,440 of the 2,032 hospitalized new borns presented with a neonatal infection (70.9%). The median gestational age was 36 weeks. Early maternal-fetal infection was present in 68.9% (n=992/1440). 1,021 blood cultures were performed on the 992 new borns. Of these, 297 were positive (confirmed early maternal-fetal infection rate of 29.9%). The three main pathogens identified in blood cultures were Staphylococcus (n=106, 35.7%), Klebsiella (n=98, 33.0%), and Enterobacter (n=38, 12.8%). Staphylococcus epidermidis accounted for 46.2% (n=49). Within the Klebsiella family, Klebsiella oxytoca was present in 53.1% of cases (n=52/98). Overall, the identified bacteria were resistant to ampicillin, with resistance rates ranging from 83.3% to 100%. Similarly, they were resistant to gentamicin, with resistance rates ranging from 25% to 100%. Conclusion: the flora dominated by Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter is showing increasing resistance to the first-line empirical antibiotics recommended by the WHO. Implementing tailored strategies that take into account local infectious agents is essential.
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